All submitted manuscripts reporting research that involves experimental animals and/or human subjects must have obtained approval from an independent ethics committee. Ethical clearance may also be issued by the Research Ethics Commission of an educational or relevant institution, provided the ethical clearance number is included.

A copy of the ethical approval letter or document must also be submitted to the journal's editorial office as part of the complete submission package.

Manuscripts lacking ethical clearance approval from an authorized institution or official body will be rejected.