Digital Citizenship dan Partisipasi Politik Generasi Z di Kota Bandung
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37950/joc.v5i3.859Abstract
Media digital telah mengubah partisipasi politik dengan memperluas cara warga muda memperoleh informasi, mengekspresikan preferensi, membangun jaringan, dan menghubungkan keterlibatan daring dengan tindakan luring. Penelitian ini mengembangkan kerangka integratif Modified UTAUT, kewarganegaraan digital, dan Connective Action Theory untuk menjelaskan partisipasi politik Generasi Z di Kota Bandung. Analisis menggunakan reconstructed/simulated pilot dataset (N = 512) untuk mendemonstrasikan pengujian model struktural dan bukan merupakan data responden nyata. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, kewarganegaraan digital, behavioral intention, dan partisipasi politik dimodelkan sebagai konstruk laten. Kewarganegaraan digital dioperasionalisasikan secara multidimensional melalui akses dan kompetensi digital, literasi politik digital kritis, etika dan tanggung jawab digital, kesadaran politik, serta keterlibatan kewargaan digital. Evaluasi model pengukuran dilakukan melalui diagnosis konstruk konfirmatori, reliabilitas, composite reliability, average variance extracted, validitas diskriminan, regresi struktural, mediasi bootstrap, serta moderasi berbasis interaksi. Model rekonstruksi menunjukkan kelayakan akhir yang baik (RMSEA = 0,046; CFI = 0,978; TLI = 0,972). Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, dan kewarganegaraan digital berpengaruh positif terhadap behavioral intention; behavioral intention dan kewarganegaraan digital selanjutnya berpengaruh positif terhadap partisipasi politik. Behavioral intention memediasi pengaruh empat determinan UTAUT, sedangkan kewarganegaraan digital memperlemah ketergantungan niat pada kemudahan teknologi, dukungan eksternal, dan tekanan sosial. Pola tersebut mengindikasikan pergeseran dari partisipasi yang terutama didorong oleh teknologi menuju partisipasi yang lebih mandiri, berbasis isu, dan bersifat hibrida. Kontribusi penelitian terletak pada penempatan kewarganegaraan digital sebagai kapasitas politik substantif, bukan sekadar akses atau kompetensi teknis, serta penghubungan mekanisme penggunaan teknologi pada tingkat individu dengan mobilisasi politik berbasis jaringan.
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